Can you tell me what do we mean by Metonymy and Synecdoche?.....I'm waiting...:)

By Ranjana S.

Metonymy:

The word "Metonymy" means "substitution of name." The figure consists in substituting the name of one of the attributes of a thing for the name of thing itself.

Thus we may use:

Throne for monarch or monarchy; the bench for the judge; the pen for writing; the sword for the soldier; the press for newspapers, etc.

• The crown has lost much of its ancient power.
• You are a oar.
• The pen is mightier than the sword.
• Give every man thine ear, but few thy voice.
• The kettle( the water in it)is boiling.
• Please address the chair(chairman).
• He has read Milton( the works of Milton).

Synecdoche:

This figure is very like metonymy. It's name means "the understanding of one thing by another." It usually consists in changing one noun for another of similar meaning.

• Every wrestler is not a Rustum ( greatest wrestler).
• All hands to the pumps (crew).
• A young man of twenty summers(years).
• A fleet of forty sails(ships).
• "There is a mixture of the tiger and the ape in the character of a Frenchman."- Voltaire.
• He is a poor creature( man).
• The father(I.e, fatherly affection) yearns in the true prince's breast.
• He is the Newton(the greatest scientist) of the time.